Updated 14 May 2025
Currently not on display
Currently not on display
Philips Galle
Haarlem, 1537 - Antwerp, 1612
Pieter Bruegel, the Elder
Breda, ca. 1525 - Brussels, 1569
<The Seven Virtues>: Fortitude
| Date | c. 1559-60 |
|---|---|
| Materials and Techniques | engraving |
| Watermarks | Gothic P (Briquet 8889) |
| Size（cm） | 22.2 x 29.1 (image); 22.5 x 29.2 (plate); 27.3 x 34.4 (paper) |
| State | 1st state (of 2) |
| Inscriptions | COCK EX. (lower left); FORTITVDO (lower center); BRVEGEL INVENTOR (lower right); ANIMVM VINCERE, IRACVNDIAM COHIBERE, CAETERAQ[VE] VITIA ET, AFFECTVS // COHIBERE, VERA FORTITVDO EST. (lower margin). |
| Standard ref. | The Illustrated Bartsch 070:6; Hollstein III 137; New Hollstein (Galle) 314; New Hollstein (Bruegel) 18( i/ii) |
| Category | Prints |
| Collection Number | G.2015-0107 |
Exhibition History
- 2023
- Villains in the Frame, The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, 27 June 2023 - 3 September 2023, cat. no. 25
Bibliography
- 0
- Hollstein, vol. 4, p.187, nos. 243-249.
- 0
- Hollstein, vol. 9, p. 28, nos. 37-43.
- 1908
- Bastelaer, René van. Les estampes de Peter Brvegel l'ancien. Bruxelles, G. van Oest, 1908, no. 137.
- 1975
- Pieter Bruegel d. Ä. als Zeichner: Herkunft und Nachfolge (exh. cat.). Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Kupferstichkabinetts, Berlin, 19 September-16 November 1975. Berlin, Gebr. Mann Verlag, 1975, no. 73.
- 1977
- Stridbeck, Carl Gustaf. Bruegelstudien: Untersuchungen zu den ikonologischen Problemen bei Pieter Bruegel d. Ä., sowie dessen Beziehungen zum niederländischen Romanismus. Soest, Holland, Davaco, 1977 (originally published in 1956), pp. 126-170.
- 1977
- Riggs, Timothy A. Hieronymus Cock: Printmaker and Publisher. New York/ London, Garland Publishing, 1977 (Originally Presented as the Author's Thesis [Dissertation], Yale University, 1971), no. 32.
- 1988
- Marijnissen, Roger H. Bruegel: tout l'œuvre peint et dessiné. [Anvers], Fonds Mercator; Paris, Albin Michel, 1988, p. 129.
- 1989
- The Prints of Pieter Bruegel the Elder (exh. cat.). Bridgestone Museum of Art, Tokyo, 7 January–26 February 1989; Ishibashi Museum of Art, Kurume, 4 March–9 April 1989; Mie Prefectural Art Museum, Tsu, 15 April –14 May 1989; Hiroshima Prefectural Museum of Art, 20 May–18 June 1989. [Tokyo], Tokyo Shimbun, 1989, no. 36.
- 1992
- Bastelaer, René van. The Prints of Peter Bruegel the Elder: Catalogue Raissoné. Gilchrist, Susan Fargo, trans. San Francisco, Alan Wofsy Fine Arts, 1992, no. 137.
- 2001
- Pieter Bruegel invenit, das druckgraphische Werk (exh. cat.). Müller, Jürgen; Schneede, Uwe M., eds. Hamburger Kunsthalle, 19 January–1 April 2001. Hamburg, Hamburger Kunsthalle, 2001, no. 36.
- 2010
- Mori, Yoko. "The iconography of Pieter Bruegel the Elder's Temperance". The World of Bruegel in Black and White from the Collection of the Royal Library of Belgium (exh. cat.). vol. 2, [Tokyo], Bunkamura; The Yomiuri Shimbum, 2010, pp. 28-43.
- 2010
- The World of Bruegel in Black and White from the Collection of the Royal Library of Belgium (exh. cat.). The Bunkamura Museum of Art, [Tokyo], 17 July–29 August 2010; Niigata City Art Museum, 4 September-17 October 2010; Museum[Eki]KYOTO, 22 October-23 November 2010. [Tokyo], Bunkamura; TheYomiuri Shimbum, 2010, no. 53.
- 2013
- Hieronymus Cock: The Renaissance in Paint (exh. cat.). Grieken, Joris van; Luijten, Ger; Stock, Jan van der, eds. M - Museum Leuven, 14 March-9 June 2013; Institut Néerlandais, Paris, 18 September-15 December 2013. Brussels, Mercatorfonds, 2013, no. 54.5.
- 2017
- Annual Bulletin of the National Museum of Western Art. No. 50 (Apr. 2015-Mar. 2016), 2017, List of New Acquisitions. p. 28.