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更新日 2024.09.19 | 19 September 2024

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常設展

カルロ・クリヴェッリ

ヴェネツィア, 1430/35年 - アスコリ?, 1494年以降

Carlo Crivelli

Venice, 1430/35 - Ascoli?, after 1494

聖アウグスティヌス St. Augustine

制作年	1487/88年頃(?)
材質・技法・形状	テンペラ、板
寸法（cm）	140.7 x 39.5
所蔵経緯	旧松方コレクション
Standard ref.	Zampetti 120; M344
分類	絵画
所蔵番号	P.1962-0005

長い髭を生やし司教冠を被ったこの全身像の聖人は、手に3冊の書物をもつことから、ラテン教父のひとり聖アウグスティヌスと考えられる。疑いもなく、本来は多翼祭壇画の一部をなしていたパネルであろう。この祭壇画の再構成の試みは、 1961年フェデリーコ・ゼーリによってなされており、本作品と様式上、サイズ上関連し、また背景の文様の共通する3点のパネルの存在が指摘されている（マドリード、ティッセン・コレクションの《聖ラウレンティウス》；デン・ハーグ、国有文化財局の《聖アンブロシウス》；オックスフォード、アシュモリアン美術館の《洗礼者ヨハネ》）。ゼーリはこれら4点の作品を、クリヴェッリが1487年に制作の前金を受け取ったという記録の残る、カステル・サン・ピエトロのサン・ロレンツォ聖堂の祭壇画の一部であるとしているが、確実な根拠はない。本作品の人物タイプはクリヴェッリが晩年に描いた多くの司教聖人のそれに一致し（たとえばローマ、コロンナ家所蔵の《聖アウグスティヌス》）、また描線がやや鈍いことは弟子の手の介入を想定させる。本作品はロンドンのバトラー・コレクションから松方幸次郎氏の手に渡り、戦前に国内にもたらされ、カルロの弟ヴィットーレ・クリヴェッリの作として1930年の第3回松方コレクション展に出品されている。その後国内の所蔵家の手を経て、1962年国立西洋美術館が購入した。（出典: 国立西洋美術館名作選. 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 2006. cat. no. 13）

来歴

Charles Butler, London; sale, Christie, Manson & Woods, 25-26 May 1911 (￡110.5); Dowdeswell & Dowdeswell's Gallery, London [gallery label on the reverse]; Kojiro Matsukata, Kobe; pledged by Matsukata to save his business, Kawasaki Dockyard Co., Ltd., Kobe and then seized by Jugo Bank, Tokyo, 1927; 3rd Matsukata sale, Tokyo, 17 May–4 July 1930, lot 24, as by Vittorio Crivelli, repr.; Hōraishokusan & Co., Tokyo; deposited in NMWA, 16 July 1960–27 March 1963, Dep. 60-21 (D-12); purchased by the NMWA, 1963.

展覧会歴

1930: 第3回松方氏蒐集絵画展覧会, 東京府美術館, 1930年5月17日-1930年6月4日, cat. no. 24, repr. (attributed to Vittorio Crivelli)
1960: 松方コレクション名作選抜展, 国立西洋美術館, 1960年5月14日-1960年7月10日, cat. no. 26, repr.
1999: エルミタージュ美術館所蔵イタリア・ルネサンス美術展─フィレンツェとヴェネツィア: 開館40周年記念特別展, 国立西洋美術館, 1999年3月20日-1999年6月20日, cat. no. 13
2019: 松方コレクション展：国立西洋美術館開館60周年記念, 国立西洋美術館, 2019年6月11日-2019年9月23日, cat. no. 10, col. repr.

文献歴

1957: Berenson, Bernard. Italian pictures of the Renaissance, Venetian school. vol. 1, London, 1957, p. 69.
1958: Berenson, Bernard. Pitture italiane del Rinascimento, elenco dei principali artisti e delle loro opere con un indice dei luoghi: la Scuola veneta. I, Firenze, 1958, p. 72.
1961: 国立西洋美術館総目録. 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 1961, D-12.
1961: Zampetti, Pietro. Carlo Crivelli. Milano, Aldo Martello, 1961, p. 93, fig. 120.
1961: Zeri, Federico. Cinque schede per Carlo Crivelli. Arte Antica e Moderna. vol. 13, 1961, pp. 158-176, pl. 65b (attributed to Carlo Crivelli and his workshop, as a wing of the polyptych for the church of San Lorenzo in Castello).
1961: Zampetti, P. Crivelli e Crivelleschi (Catalogo della Mostra di Venezia). 1961, p. XXI, p. 101.
1967: 国立西洋美術館年報. No. 1, 1967 , 新収作品目録. pp. 4-5, no. P-322. repr.
1967: 佐々木英也. クリヴェルリ作《ある僧正の像》. 国立西洋美術館年報. No. 1, 1967, pp. 62-64, repr.
1971: 国立西洋美術館名作選. 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 1971, no. 20, repr.
1975: Bovero, Anna. L'opera completa del Crivelli. Milano, 1975, p. 97, no. 136, repr.
1979: 国立西洋美術館総目録: 絵画篇. 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 1979, no. 77, repr.
1990: 神戸市立博物館編. 松方コレクション西洋美術総目録. 神戸, 「松方コレクション展」実行委員会, 1990, cat. no. 500.
2006: 国立西洋美術館名作選. 東京, 国立西洋美術館; 東京, 西洋美術振興財団, 2006, no. 13, col. repr.
2009: Masterpieces of The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art; Tokyo, The Western Art Foundation, 2009, no. 13, col. repr.
2013: 国立西洋美術館名作選. 東京, 西洋美術振興財団, 2013, no. 13, col. repr.
2018: 松方コレクション：西洋美術全作品. 川口雅子; 陳岡めぐみ編. 第1巻　絵画, 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 2018, cat. no. 344, col. repr.
2019: 松方コレクション展：国立西洋美術館開館60周年記念 (exh. cat.). 陳岡めぐみ責任編集. 東京, 国立西洋美術館; 読売新聞東京本社; NHK; NHKプロモーション, 2019, pp. 73, 351, cat. no. 10, col. repr.

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On Display

Permanent collection

Carlo Crivelli

Venice, 1430/35 - Ascoli?, after 1494

St. Augustine

Date	c. 1487/88 (?)
Materials and Techniques	tempera on panel
Size（cm）	140.7 x 39.5
Credit Line	Ex-Matsukata Collection
Standard ref.	Zampetti 120; M344
Category	Paintings
Collection Number	P.1962-0005

This full-length image of a priest wearing a long beard and bishop's crown shows the figure holding three books and is thought to be St. Augustine, one of the Latin church patriarchs. Without question, this painting was originally part of a polyptych altarpiece. In 1961 Federico Zeri attempted a reconstruction of the original altarpiece and indicated that there are three other panels extant of the same size, format and background that are thought to be part of the same altarpiece (St. Lawrence, Thyssen collection, Madrid; St. Ambrose, the Office for National Art Property, The Hague, and St. John the Baptist, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford). While there is no specific evidence to support his claim, Zeri believes that these four works were part of the altarpiece for S. Lorenzo of Castel San Pietro, described in records in which Crivelli is said to have received the deposit for the work in 1487. The figural type seen here corresponds to those of many of the sainted bishops he depicted (such as St. Augustine, Colonna Gallery, Rome), and it is possible that the dullness of the depicted line could speak of the intervention of his disciples. This work passed from the Butler collection of London to the hands of Matsukata Kojiro, and was brought to Japan prior to World War II. The painting was displayed in the 3rd Matsukata Collection exhibition held in 1930 as the work of Vittore Crivelli, Carlo's younger brother. The painting then passed into private hands in Japan and was purchased by the NMWA in 1962. (Source: Masterpieces of the National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, 2009, cat. no. 13)

Provenance

Exhibition History

1930: The 3rd Exhibition of the Matsukata Coll., Tokyo, 17 May 1930 - 4 June 1930, cat. no. 24, repr. (attributed to Vittorio Crivelli)
1960: The Masterpieces of the Ex-Matsukata Collection, National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, 14 May 1960 - 10 July 1960, cat. no. 26, repr.
1999: Florence and Venice: Italian Renaissance Paintings and Sculpture from the State Hermitage Museum, National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, 20 March 1999 - 20 June 1999, cat. no. 13
2019: The Matsukata Collection: A One-Hundred-Year Odyssey: Upon the 60th Anniversary of the NMWA, The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, 11 June 2019 - 23 September 2019, cat. no. 10, col. repr.

Bibliography

1957: Berenson, Bernard. Italian pictures of the Renaissance, Venetian school. vol. 1, London, 1957, p. 69.
1958: Berenson, Bernard. Pitture italiane del Rinascimento, elenco dei principali artisti e delle loro opere con un indice dei luoghi: la Scuola veneta. I, Firenze, 1958, p. 72.
1961: Catalogue du Musée National d'Art Occidental, Tokyo. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art, 1961 (Préface and Catalogue Général in Japanese and French), D-12.
1961: Zampetti, Pietro. Carlo Crivelli. Milano, Aldo Martello, 1961, p. 93, fig. 120.
1961: Zeri, Federico. Cinque schede per Carlo Crivelli. Arte Antica e Moderna. vol. 13, 1961, pp. 158-176, pl. 65b (attributed to Carlo Crivelli and his workshop, as a wing of the polyptych for the church of San Lorenzo in Castello).
1961: Zampetti, P. Crivelli e Crivelleschi (Catalogo della Mostra di Venezia). 1961, p. XXI, p. 101.
1967: Annual bulletin of the National Museum of Western Art. No. 1, 1967, Catalogue of the New Acquisitions. pp. 4-5, no. P-322. repr.
1967: Sasaki, Hideya. Crivelli saku 《St. Augustine》. Annual bulletin of the National Museum of Western Art. No. 1, 1967, pp. 62-64, repr. (in Japanese).
1971: Les cent chefs-d'oeuvre du Musée National d'Art Occidental. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art, 1971 (Japanese), no. 20, repr.
1975: Bovero, Anna. L'opera completa del Crivelli. Milano, 1975, p. 97, no. 136, repr.
1979: The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo: Catalogue of paintings. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art, 1979, no. 77, repr.
1990: The Old Matsukata Collection. Kobe City Museum, ed. Kobe, "Matsukata Korekushon Ten" Jikkoiinkai, 1990, cat. no. 500.
2006: Masterpieces of The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art; Tokyo, The Western Art Foundation, 2006 (Japanese, preface in Japanese and English), no. 13, col. repr.
2009: Masterpieces of The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art; Tokyo, The Western Art Foundation, 2009, no. 13, col. repr.
2013: Masterpieces: The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Tokyo, The Western Art Foundation, 2013 (Japanese, preface in Japanese and English), no. 13, col. repr.
2018: The Matsukata Collection: Complete Catalogue of the European Art. Kawaguchi, Masako; Jingaoka, Megumi, eds. vol. 1: Paintings, Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, 2018, cat. no. 344, col. repr.
2019: The Matsukata Collection: A One-Hundred-Year Odyssey (exh. cat.). Jingaoka, Megumi, ed. Tokyo, The National Museum of the Western Art, Tokyo; Yomiuri Shimbun; NHK; NHK Promotions, 2019, pp. 73, 351, cat. no. 10, col. repr.

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