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パリ, 1848年 - ヒヴァ・オア島、マルキーズ諸島, 1903年

Paul Gauguin

Paris, 1848 - Atuona, Hiva'Oa, Marquesas Islands, 1903

ブルターニュ風景 Landscape of Brittany

制作年	1888年
材質・技法・形状	油彩、カンヴァス
寸法（cm）	89.3 x 116.6
署名・年記	左下に署名、年記: 88. P Gauguin
所蔵経緯	松方コレクション
Standard ref.	Wildenstein 256; D. Wildenstein 265; M492
分類	絵画
所蔵番号	P.1959-0105

フランス北西部、英仏海峡と大西洋に面したブルターニュ地方は、フランス国内でも特異な文化を保ちつづけ、素朴な生活様式を残していた。1886年にそのブルターニュのポンタヴェンを訪れて感銘を受けたゴーガンは、以後1890年までしばしばこの地に滞在し、起伏に富む風景や素朴な風俗を題材とし、自己の様式を探って行く。本作品は、ブルターニュ滞在時代前半の作例で、印象主義からゴーガン独自の平面的様式への過渡的段階を示している。色彩は抑え気味で、タッチは印象派風で短いが、他面、個々の対象の形態は輪郭線に包まれた大きな色面として把握されており、ブルターニュ時代後半の様式をはっきりと予告している。1888年秋、アルルのゴッホのもとへ旅立つ少し前に描かれたものと思われる。（出典: 国立西洋美術館名作選. 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 2006. cat. no. 86）

来歴

Galerie E. Druet, Paris, stock. no. 4570, Druet-Vizzavona photo. no. 2785; 松方幸次郎氏購入; 1944年フランス政府が接収; 1959年フランス政府より寄贈返還.

展覧会歴

1947: Les origines de l'art contemporain, Strasbourg, 1947年0月0日-1947年0月0日, Nancy; Besançon,1947, cat. no. 60
1949: Gauguin, Orangerie des Tuileries, Paris, 1949年0月0日-1949年0月0日, cat. no. 9
1949: Landscape in French art, Royal Academy of Arts, London, 1949年0月0日-1950年0月0日, cat. no. 290
1950: Gauguin et le groupe de Pont-Aven, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Quimper, 1950年0月0日-1950年0月0日, cat. no. 4
1958: Paysages de France, Musée de Rouen, 1958年0月0日-1958年0月0日, cat. no. 77
1978: ヨーロッパの風景画, 山梨県立美術館, 甲府, 1978年11月3日-1979年1月15日, cat. no. 80
1985: Le chemin de Gauguin: genése et rayonnement, Musée départemental du prieuré, Saint-Germain-en-Laye , 1985年10月7日-1986年3月2日, 3rd ed. cat. no. 414, col. repr.
1987: ゴーギャン展：楽園を求めて, 東京国立近代美術館, 1987年3月6日-1987年5月17日, 愛知県美術館, 6月12日-6月28日, cat. no. 24, col. repr.
1988: The Art of Paul Gauguin, National Gallery of Art, Washignton, 1988年5月1日-1988年7月31日, The Art Institute of Chicago, 17 september-20 April, cat. no. 42, col. repr.
2017: Gauguin: Artist as Alchemist, The Art Institute of Chicago, 2017年6月14日-2017年9月10日, Réunion des musées nationaux-Grand Palais, Paris, 9 October 2017-21 January 2018, cat. no. 59, col. repr.
2019: 松方コレクション展：国立西洋美術館開館60周年記念, 国立西洋美術館, 2019年6月11日-2019年9月23日, cat. no. 119, col. repr.
2022: Renoir—Monet—Gauguin: Images of a Floating World: the Collections of Kōjirō Matsukata and Karl Ernst Osthaus, Museum Folkwang, 2022年2月6日-2022年5月15日
2024: Gauguin's World: Tōna Iho, Tōna Ao, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra, 2024年6月29日-2024年10月7日, The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, 3 November 2024-16 February 2025

文献歴

1920: Morice, Ch. Paul Gauguin. Paris, 1920, p. 156 bis, repr.
1925: Rotonchamp, J. de. Paul Gauguin: 1848-1903. Paris, 1925, p. 30 bis, repr.
1948: René-Jean. Gauguin. Paris, 1948, repr.
1950: Dovski, L. van. Gauguin. Bern, 1950, p. 343.
1952: Huyghe, R. Le carnet de Paul Gauguin. Paris, 1952, p. 72.
1955: 松方コレクション. 東京, 朝日新聞社, 1955, no. 24, col. repr.
1961: 国立西洋美術館総目録. 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 1961, P-154.
1961: Rewald, J. Le post-impressionnisme. Paris, 1961, p. 120.
1961: Cogniat, R.; Rewald, J. Paul Gauguin, carnet de croquis, 1961, pp. 21-22.
1964: Wildenstein, G. Gauguin. 1, catalogue, Paris, 1964, pp. 95-96, no. 256, repr.
1971: 国立西洋美術館名作選. 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 1971, no. 33, repr.
1975: 国立西洋美術館名作選. 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 1975, no. 52, repr.
1978: 国立西洋美術館名作選. 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 1978, no. 58, repr.
1979: 国立西洋美術館総目録: 絵画篇. 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 1979, no. 128, repr.
1986: Dorival, Bernard. "Le milieu". Gauguin. Paris, Société nouvelle des Éd. du Chêne, 1986(Génies et réalités, 1st ed., Paris, 1961), pp. 49-50.
1986: Le chemin de Gauguin: Genèse et Rayonnement (exh. cat.). Anquetil, Marie-Amélie. Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Musée Départemental du Prieuré, [1986], pp. 208-209, 239, cat. no. 414, col. repr.
1987: ゴーギャン展：楽園を求めて (exh. cat.). 東京国立近代美術館編. [東京], 東京新聞, 1987, pp. 68-70, 165-166, 190, cat. no. 24, col. repr.
1988: The Art of Paul Gauguin (exh. cat.). Richard Brettell et al. Washington, National Gallery of Art, 1988, pp. 92-93, cat. no. 42, col. repr.
1989: Merlhès, Victor. Paul Gauguin et Vincent Van Gogh: 1887-1888: Lettres Retrouvées, Sources Ignorées. Papeete, Tahiti, Polynésie française, 1989, p. 63, note 1.
1990: 神戸市立博物館編. 松方コレクション西洋美術総目録. 神戸, 「松方コレクション展」実行委員会, 1990, cat. no. 702.
1993: Jirat-Wasiutyński, Vojtěch. Paul Gauguin in the Context of Symbolism. Microfilm rep. ed., Ann Arbor, MI, 1993, (New York/ London, Princeton University, 1975, Dissertation), p. 127.
2002: Wildenstein, Daniel. Gauguin: A savage in the Making: Catalogue Raisonné of the Paintings, 1873-1888. Milan, Skira; Paris, Wildenstein Institute, 2002, vol. 2, pp. 372-374, no. 265, repr.
2006: 国立西洋美術館名作選. 東京, 国立西洋美術館; 東京, 西洋美術振興財団, 2006, no. 86, col. repr.
2009: Masterpieces of The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art; Tokyo, The Western Art Foundation, 2009, no. 86, col. repr.
2013: 国立西洋美術館名作選. 東京, 西洋美術振興財団, 2013, no. 105, col. repr.
2017: Gauguin: artist as alchemist (exh. cat.). Groom, Gloria, ed. Chicago, The Art Institute of Chicago, [2017], pp. 126, 136, 331, cat. no. 59, col. repr.
2018: 松方コレクション：西洋美術全作品. 川口雅子; 陳岡めぐみ編. 第1巻　絵画, 東京, 国立西洋美術館, 2018, cat. no. 492, col. repr.
2019: 松方コレクション展：国立西洋美術館開館60周年記念 (exh. cat.). 陳岡めぐみ責任編集. 東京, 国立西洋美術館; 読売新聞東京本社; NHK; NHKプロモーション, 2019, pp. 210-211, 369, cat. no. 119, col. repr.
2022: Renoir—Monet—Gauguin: Images of a Floating World: the Collections of Kōjirō Matsukata and Karl Ernst Osthaus (exh.cat.). Engel, Nadine; Herlemann, Rebecca, eds. Berlin, Hatje Cantz, [2022], pp. 327, 364, col. repr.
2024: Gauguin's world: Tōna Iho, Tōna Ao (exh. cat.). Loyrette, Henri. Parkes, ACT/ The Rocks, NSW, National Gallery of Australia; Art Exhibitions Australia Limited, 2024, pp. 67, 263, col. repr.

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Paul Gauguin

Paris, 1848 - Atuona, Hiva'Oa, Marquesas Islands, 1903

Landscape of Brittany

Date	1888
Materials and Techniques	oil on canvas
Size（cm）	89.3 x 116.6
Inscriptions	Signed and dated lower left: 88. P Gauguin
Credit Line	Matsukata Collection
Standard ref.	Wildenstein 256; D. Wildenstein 265; M492
Category	Paintings
Collection Number	P.1959-0105

Brittany, the region of northwestern France bound by the English Channel and the Atlantic Ocean, has preserved a culture distinct from that of France and has fostered a simple, artless lifestyle. Gauguin visited Pont-Aven in Brittany in 1886, and lived in that area off and on until 1890. He used the undulating landscapes and artless genre scenes of the region in his pursuit of distinctive individualistic compositions. This work from the first half of his stay in Brittany represents a transitional stage from the Impressionist style to his own more planar forms. While the palette is subdued and the touch resembles that of the Impressionists, each form of the separate objects is expressed in large color blocks edged by outlines, clearly foreshadowing the style that would emerge in the latter half of Gauguin's stay in Brittany. It is thought that this work was created in the fall of 1888 just before he set out on a trip to visit van Gogh in Arles. (Source: Masterpieces of the National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, 2009, cat. no.86)

Provenance

Galerie E. Druet, Paris, stock no. 4570, Druet-Vizzavona photo. no. 2785; purchased from Galerie E. Druet by Kojiro Matsukata, Kobe, ca. December 1921, as “Paysage de Bretagne” [see letter from Galerie E. Druet to Léonce Bénédite, dated 13 December 1921, in the Bibliothèque centrale des musées nationaux, Paris (copy in NMWA curatorial file)]; sequestered by French government, 1944; vested in French government under San Francisco Peace Treaty, 1952; transferred from French to Japanese government, 23 January 1959; entered into NMWA, April 1959.

Exhibition History

1947: Les origines de l'art contemporain, Strasbourg, 0 1947 - 0 1947, Nancy; Besançon,1947, cat. no. 60
1949: Gauguin, Orangerie des Tuileries, Paris, 0 1949 - 0 1949, cat. no. 9
1949: Landscape in French art, Royal Academy of Arts, London, 0 1949 - 0 1950, cat. no. 290
1950: Gauguin et le groupe de Pont-Aven, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Quimper, 0 1950 - 0 1950, cat. no. 4
1958: Paysages de France, Musée de Rouen, 0 1958 - 0 1958, cat. no. 77
1978: European Landscape Painting, Yamanashi Prefectural Museum of Art, Kofu, 3 November 1978 - 15 January 1979, cat. no. 80
1985: Le chemin de Gauguin: genése et rayonnement, Musée départemental du prieuré, Saint-Germain-en-Laye , 7 October 1985 - 2 March 1986, 3rd ed. cat. no. 414, col. repr.
1987: Paul Gauguin, The National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo, 6 March 1987 - 17 May 1987, Aichi Prefectural Art Gallery, 12-28 June, cat. no. 24, col. repr.
1988: The Art of Paul Gauguin, National Gallery of Art, Washignton, 1 May 1988 - 31 July 1988, The Art Institute of Chicago, 17 september-20 April, cat. no. 42, col. repr.
2017: Gauguin: Artist as Alchemist, The Art Institute of Chicago, 14 June 2017 - 10 September 2017, Réunion des musées nationaux-Grand Palais, Paris, 9 October 2017-21 January 2018, cat. no. 59, col. repr.
2019: The Matsukata Collection: A One-Hundred-Year Odyssey: Upon the 60th Anniversary of the NMWA, The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, 11 June 2019 - 23 September 2019, cat. no. 119, col. repr.
2022: Renoir—Monet—Gauguin: Images of a Floating World: the Collections of Kōjirō Matsukata and Karl Ernst Osthaus, Museum Folkwang, 6 February 2022 - 15 May 2022
2024: Gauguin's World: Tōna Iho, Tōna Ao, National Gallery of Australia, Canberra, 29 June 2024 - 7 October 2024, The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, 3 November 2024-16 February 2025

Bibliography

1920: Morice, Ch. Paul Gauguin. Paris, 1920, p. 156 bis, repr.
1925: Rotonchamp, J. de. Paul Gauguin: 1848-1903. Paris, 1925, p. 30 bis, repr.
1948: René-Jean. Gauguin. Paris, 1948, repr.
1950: Dovski, L. van. Gauguin. Bern, 1950, p. 343.
1952: Huyghe, R. Le carnet de Paul Gauguin. Paris, 1952, p. 72.
1955: La Collection Matsukata, Tokyo, Asahi- Shimbun, 1955 (Japanese), no. 24, col. repr.
1961: Catalogue du Musée National d'Art Occidental, Tokyo. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art, 1961 (Préface and Catalogue Général in Japanese and French), P-154.
1961: Rewald, J. Le post-impressionnisme. Paris, 1961, p. 120.
1961: Cogniat, R.; Rewald, J. Paul Gauguin, carnet de croquis, 1961, pp. 21-22.
1964: Wildenstein, G. Gauguin. 1, catalogue, Paris, 1964, pp. 95-96, no. 256, repr.
1971: Les cent chefs-d'œuvre du Musée National d'Art Occidental. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art, 1971 (Japanese), no. 33, repr.
1975: Les cent chefs-d'œuvre du Musée National d'Art Occidental. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art, 1975 (Japanese), no. 52, repr.
1978: Masterpieces of the National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art, 1978 (Japanese, preface in Japanese and English), no. 58, repr.
1979: The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo: Catalogue of Paintings. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art, 1979, no. 128, repr.
1986: Dorival, Bernard. "Le milieu". Gauguin. Paris, Société nouvelle des Éd. du Chêne, 1986(Génies et réalités, 1st ed., Paris, 1961), pp. 49-50.
1986: Le chemin de Gauguin: Genèse et Rayonnement (exh. cat.). Anquetil, Marie-Amélie. Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Musée Départemental du Prieuré, [1986], pp. 208-209, 239, cat. no. 414, col. repr.
1987: Paul Gauguin (exh. cat.). The National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo, ed. [Tokyo], The Tokyo Shimbun, 1987, pp. 68-70, 165-166, 190, cat. no. 24, col. repr.
1988: The Art of Paul Gauguin (exh. cat.). Richard Brettell et al. Washington, National Gallery of Art, 1988, pp. 92-93, cat. no. 42, col. repr.
1989: Merlhès, Victor. Paul Gauguin et Vincent Van Gogh: 1887-1888: Lettres Retrouvées, Sources Ignorées. Papeete, Tahiti, Polynésie française, 1989, p. 63, note 1.
1990: The Old Matsukata Collection. Kobe City Museum, ed. Kobe, "Matsukata Korekushon Ten" Jikkoiinkai, 1990, cat. no. 702.
1993: Jirat-Wasiutyński, Vojtěch. Paul Gauguin in the Context of Symbolism. Microfilm rep. ed., Ann Arbor, MI, 1993, (New York/ London, Princeton University, 1975, Dissertation), p. 127.
2002: Wildenstein, Daniel. Gauguin: A savage in the Making: Catalogue Raisonné of the Paintings, 1873-1888. Milan, Skira; Paris, Wildenstein Institute, 2002, vol. 2, pp. 372-374, no. 265, repr.
2006: Masterpieces of The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art; Tokyo, The Western Art Foundation, 2006 (Japanese, preface in Japanese and English), no. 86, col. repr.
2009: Masterpieces of The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art; Tokyo, The Western Art Foundation, 2009, no. 86, col. repr.
2013: Masterpieces: The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo. Tokyo, The Western Art Foundation, 2013 (Japanese, preface in Japanese and English), no. 105, col. repr.
2017: Gauguin: artist as alchemist (exh. cat.). Groom, Gloria, ed. Chicago, The Art Institute of Chicago, [2017], pp. 126, 136, 331, cat. no. 59, col. repr.
2018: The Matsukata Collection: Complete Catalogue of the European Art. Kawaguchi, Masako; Jingaoka, Megumi, eds. vol. 1: Paintings, Tokyo, The National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, 2018, cat. no. 492, col. repr.
2019: The Matsukata Collection: A One-Hundred-Year Odyssey (exh. cat.). Jingaoka, Megumi, ed. Tokyo, The National Museum of the Western Art, Tokyo; Yomiuri Shimbun; NHK; NHK Promotions, 2019, pp. 210-211, 369, cat. no. 119, col. repr.
2022: Renoir—Monet—Gauguin: Images of a Floating World: the Collections of Kōjirō Matsukata and Karl Ernst Osthaus (exh.cat.). Engel, Nadine; Herlemann, Rebecca, eds. Berlin, Hatje Cantz, [2022], pp. 327, 364, col. repr.
2024: Gauguin's world: Tōna Iho, Tōna Ao (exh. cat.). Loyrette, Henri. Parkes, ACT/ The Rocks, NSW, National Gallery of Australia; Art Exhibitions Australia Limited, 2024, pp. 67, 263, col. repr.

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